Facebook · 31 Oct 2013

Email on the Snapchat offer

Facebook’s CEO writes that he is disappointed and frustrated, and that Facebook should prepare for news of its $6 billion offer for Snapchat to leak.

Author
Mark Zuckerberg, CEO
Written
31 Oct 2013
Published in full
14 Apr 2025, Federal Trade Commission
Document
Internal email, trial exhibit PX2976; the full text is not public, and the FTC quoted two sentences in its trial slides
Notes
5: 3 fact, 2 editorial
Last reviewed

The memo

The full email is not public: these are the only two sentences the FTC quoted, on slide 74 of its opening statement in FTC v. Meta on 14 April 2025, which labels them as exhibit PX2976.

Excerpts · 5 notes
Facebook2013
From:
Mark Zuckerberg
Date:
Oct. 31, 2013

[ … ] Not shown: Text before this is not public.

I’m disappointed and frustrated by this. (Fact note 1)Fact · 1With hindsightThe full email is not public. What is known comes from one FTC trial slide, headed “PSN Apps = Meta Tried to Buy Snap Too”, which quotes these two sentences beside a blurred, partly redacted image of the email and labels it “PX2976, Email from Mr. Zuckerberg (Oct. 31, 2013) at -001”. The brackets are the FTC’s. Business Insider, reporting from the trial, quoted the second sentence as “At this point, we should probably prepare for it to leak that we offered $6b for them and all the negative that will come from that,” and quoted lines it attributed to “an October 2013 email to other company executives”: “I delivered the offer to Evan and he seemed to take it well.” We cannot confirm from a primary source that those lines are from PX2976, or what “this” refers to.SourcesFederal Trade CommissionFTC v. Meta Platforms: Plaintiff's Opening Statement14 Apr 2025Business Insider (via AOL)Mark Zuckerberg sounds salty about Snapchat rejecting his offer to buy it15 Apr 2025

[ … ] Not shown: Text between the quoted sentences is not public.

[W]e should probably prepare for it to leak (Fact note 2)Fact · 2With hindsightThe talks were reported at the time, but not this figure. Bloomberg Law, reporting from the trial on 15 April 2025, wrote that Meta “considered buying Snap Inc. for $6 billion in 2013” and that “The number was not previously known, as reports at the time pegged the discussions as for half that much.”SourceBloomberg LawZuckerberg Revisits Instagram Buy in FTC Meta Monopoly Case (1)15 Apr 2025 that we offered $6b (Editorial note 3)Editorial · 3Known at the timeEighteen months earlier Facebook had agreed to buy Instagram for a total consideration of “approximately $1 billion”, after Zuckerberg told Kevin Systrom “I can't get to $2 billion.” Here the stated offer is $6b, for an app Snap says it had launched slightly more than two years before. The jump shows how much Facebook was now willing to pay to own a new way of sharing with friends rather than build one.SourcesMeta NewsroomFacebook to Acquire Instagram9 Apr 2012sriramk.com (copy of the House Judiciary production)Facebook_Redactions.pdfJul 2020Snap Inc., SEC Form S-1 (Internet Archive copy)S-12 Feb 2017 for [Snap] (Fact note 4)Fact · 4With hindsightSnap’s IPO filing says that “In October 2013, slightly more than two years after we first launched Snapchat, we introduced My Story”, the same month as this email, and that at first Stories “weren’t very popular”. Instagram introduced its own Stories on 2 August 2016. Snap’s filing called it a feature that “largely mimics our Stories feature and may be directly competitive”. In November 2025 the court in FTC v. Meta found that “Snapchat first popularized stories, and Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok added identical versions.”SourcesSnap Inc., SEC Form S-1 (Internet Archive copy)S-12 Feb 2017Instagram Blog (Internet Archive copy)Introducing Instagram Stories2 Aug 2016US District Court for DC (CourtListener)FTC v. Meta Platforms, Memorandum Opinion18 Nov 2025 and all the negative that will come from that (Editorial note 5)Editorial · 5Known at the timeThe sentence plans for the story, not the next move. A refused offer at that price tells the market what Facebook thought Snapchat was worth and that Facebook could not buy it, which hands the smaller company a valuation anchor and a narrative. In 2012 Zuckerberg asked Systrom to make sure a refusal did not become “a public story about how you guys turned us down”; here he expects the leak and prepares for it.Sourcesriramk.com (copy of the House Judiciary production)Facebook_Redactions.pdfJul 2020.

[ … ] Not shown: The rest of the email is not public.

All 5 notes and their sources
  1. I’m disappointed and frustrated by this.Fact · 1With hindsightThe full email is not public. What is known comes from one FTC trial slide, headed “PSN Apps = Meta Tried to Buy Snap Too”, which quotes these two sentences beside a blurred, partly redacted image of the email and labels it “PX2976, Email from Mr. Zuckerberg (Oct. 31, 2013) at -001”. The brackets are the FTC’s. Business Insider, reporting from the trial, quoted the second sentence as “At this point, we should probably prepare for it to leak that we offered $6b for them and all the negative that will come from that,” and quoted lines it attributed to “an October 2013 email to other company executives”: “I delivered the offer to Evan and he seemed to take it well.” We cannot confirm from a primary source that those lines are from PX2976, or what “this” refers to.SourcesFederal Trade CommissionFTC v. Meta Platforms: Plaintiff's Opening Statement14 Apr 2025Business Insider (via AOL)Mark Zuckerberg sounds salty about Snapchat rejecting his offer to buy it15 Apr 2025Back to the passage
  2. [W]e should probably prepare for it to leakFact · 2With hindsightThe talks were reported at the time, but not this figure. Bloomberg Law, reporting from the trial on 15 April 2025, wrote that Meta “considered buying Snap Inc. for $6 billion in 2013” and that “The number was not previously known, as reports at the time pegged the discussions as for half that much.”SourceBloomberg LawZuckerberg Revisits Instagram Buy in FTC Meta Monopoly Case (1)15 Apr 2025Back to the passage
  3. we offered $6bEditorial · 3Known at the timeEighteen months earlier Facebook had agreed to buy Instagram for a total consideration of “approximately $1 billion”, after Zuckerberg told Kevin Systrom “I can't get to $2 billion.” Here the stated offer is $6b, for an app Snap says it had launched slightly more than two years before. The jump shows how much Facebook was now willing to pay to own a new way of sharing with friends rather than build one.SourcesMeta NewsroomFacebook to Acquire Instagram9 Apr 2012sriramk.com (copy of the House Judiciary production)Facebook_Redactions.pdfJul 2020Snap Inc., SEC Form S-1 (Internet Archive copy)S-12 Feb 2017Back to the passage
  4. [Snap]Fact · 4With hindsightSnap’s IPO filing says that “In October 2013, slightly more than two years after we first launched Snapchat, we introduced My Story”, the same month as this email, and that at first Stories “weren’t very popular”. Instagram introduced its own Stories on 2 August 2016. Snap’s filing called it a feature that “largely mimics our Stories feature and may be directly competitive”. In November 2025 the court in FTC v. Meta found that “Snapchat first popularized stories, and Facebook, Instagram, and TikTok added identical versions.”SourcesSnap Inc., SEC Form S-1 (Internet Archive copy)S-12 Feb 2017Instagram Blog (Internet Archive copy)Introducing Instagram Stories2 Aug 2016US District Court for DC (CourtListener)FTC v. Meta Platforms, Memorandum Opinion18 Nov 2025Back to the passage
  5. all the negative that will come from thatEditorial · 5Known at the timeThe sentence plans for the story, not the next move. A refused offer at that price tells the market what Facebook thought Snapchat was worth and that Facebook could not buy it, which hands the smaller company a valuation anchor and a narrative. In 2012 Zuckerberg asked Systrom to make sure a refusal did not become “a public story about how you guys turned us down”; here he expects the leak and prepares for it.Sourcesriramk.com (copy of the House Judiciary production)Facebook_Redactions.pdfJul 2020Back to the passage

What happened next

Dated events, each with its source. They are what followed the memo, not proof that it caused them.

  1. 2 yrs 10 mos later

    Instagram introduces Stories: photos and videos that disappear after 24 hours, shown in a bar at the top of the feed.

    Instagram Blog (Internet Archive copy)

  2. 3 yrs 4 mos later

    Snap files for its IPO. It reports 158 million Daily Active Users on average in the quarter ended 31 December 2016, and says Instagram’s “stories” feature “largely mimics” its own.

    Snap Inc., SEC Form S-1 (Internet Archive copy)

  3. 3 yrs 5 mos later

    Snap prices its IPO at $17 a share, for a total offering of $3.4 billion, with trading on the New York Stock Exchange expected to begin on 2 March.

    Snap Inc. Investor Relations (Internet Archive copy)

  4. 3 yrs 10 mos later

    A year after launch, Instagram says Stories has more than 250 million daily users.

    Instagram Blog

  5. 11 yrs 6 mos later

    The FTC’s opening-statement slides in FTC v. Meta quote two sentences of this email; Bloomberg Law reports that the $6 billion figure was not previously known.

    Federal Trade CommissionBloomberg Law

  6. 12 yrs 1 mo later

    The court’s opinion finds that Snapchat first popularised stories and that Facebook and Instagram added identical versions; it does not discuss the 2013 offer.

    US District Court for DC (CourtListener)

The calls, against the record

Each claim in the memo’s own words, the evidence, and our reading of it. Verdicts are editorial.

  1. Mixed

    “[W]e should probably prepare for it to leak that we offered $6b for [Snap]”

    Evidence

    Bloomberg Law reported in April 2025 that the $6 billion figure “was not previously known, as reports at the time pegged the discussions as for half that much.”

    Bloomberg Law

    Our reading Editorial

    The talks leaked, but at half the figure; the $6b number stayed private until the FTC showed the email at trial. We have not read the 2013 reports themselves, so we do not know which side’s account they rested on.

  2. Open

    “all the negative that will come from that”

    Evidence

    We have found no source that measures what effect the 2013 reports had on Facebook or Snapchat.

    Our reading Editorial

    The email does not say what the negative would be. Without the rest of the text, and with no source on the reaction at the time, this stays open.

Takeaways Editorial

  1. Plan for the refusal becoming public

    A large offer that is declined still sends a signal: it prices the target and shows what the bidder fears. Decide before you bid how you will live with that signal if the answer is no.

  2. A declined deal leaves the build decision

    When the target says no, the strategic need stays. Instagram, the app Facebook had bought, introduced its own Stories almost three years after this email.

  3. Two sentences can carry a case

    The FTC built a trial slide around two lines of an email from 2013. Write internal messages about deals as if a regulator will read them out of context.

Practise the strategy skills in this memo

Socratify is an interview coach. Each link opens a practice session with this memo as the case; nothing is sent until you choose to start.